Understanding Neurodegenerative Diseases
There is no simple way to face the life-changing reality of a neurodegenerative disease diagnosis. The good news: many people discover ways to adapt, find support, and maintain a meaningful quality of life after the initial adjustment period.
What Are Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive disorders in which nerve cells in the brain or spinal cord lose function and eventually die. This damage disrupts essential movements, thinking, behavior, and body functions over time.
Each person’s journey is unique, and symptoms can appear and progress at different rates.
Common examples include Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Globally, tens of millions of people live with these conditions today.
Common examples include Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease, and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Globally, tens of millions of people live with these conditions.
What Are Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Watch this short video for a clear and accessible introduction to the basics of neurodegenerative diseases.
Common Neurodegenerative Diseases
Alzheimer’s Disease
Causes progressive memory loss and difficulty with thinking, planning, and daily tasks. It is the most common cause of dementia.
Parkinson’s Disease
A movement disorder that can cause tremors, muscle stiffness, slowed movements, and balance problems due to loss of dopamine-producing brain cells.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Affects nerve cells that control muscles, leading to weakness, difficulty speaking and swallowing, and eventually problems with breathing.
Huntington’s Disease
A hereditary condition that gradually affects movement, mood, and thinking abilities as nerve cells in specific brain areas break down.
Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)
A group of disorders that damage the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, often changing behavior, personality, language, and social judgment.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
An autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers, causing problems such as fatigue, vision changes, numbness, and mobility issues.
Quick wins
Do these today
- Start the day with short, predictable routines.
- Keep emergency contacts and medication lists visible (on the fridge or phone).
- Use labels, large clocks, and reminders for memory support.
- Clear walking paths; secure rugs; add night lights.
Stress relief
Protect your energy
- Schedule micro-breaks (5 minutes to breathe or stretch).
- Join an online caregiver support group for community & advice.
Communication
Connect clearly
- Use calm, simple language & keep eye contact.
- Lower background noise; give one instruction at a time.
Support network
You don’t have to do it alone
- Line up two backup helpers who can step in when you need a break.
- Explore respite care options in your area.
Trusted Resources
Alzheimer’s Association
Clear explanations of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and support for families and caregivers.
Parkinson’s Foundation
Easy-to-understand information on Parkinson’s disease, treatment options, living well with symptoms, and caregiver support.
Alzprotect
Simplified information for patients and families about Alzheimer’s and related neurodegenerative conditions.
American Physical Therapy Association – Degenerative
Diseases
Patient-friendly resources for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, ALS, and other neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on movement and physical therapy.
neuropt.org
Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (IND)
Information to help understand Alzheimer’s disease and other disorders, including symptoms, diagnosis, and ongoing research.
indd.org
Tips for Families and Caregivers
- Learn early warning signs and keep notes about changes in memory, mood, or movement.
- Seek medical advice promptly if symptoms appear or worsen.
- Build a care team that may include physicians, neurologists, therapists, social workers, and support specialists.
- Connect with local or online support groups for emotional and practical help.
- Use reliable, science-based websites and be cautious of “miracle cure” claims.
Need more support?
We can connect you with YC Foundation programs and trusted partners.
The medical information on this page is for general information purposes only. YC Foundation does not endorse or promote any specific drug therapy, course of treatment, or company. Care and treatment decisions should always be made with a licensed physician or other qualified medical professional.